The Fundamentals of Progressing Cavity (PC) pumps
This publication describes the fundamentals of progressing cavity (PC) pumps. Although formally classified by the Hydraulic Institute as a single-screw type, a subset (group) of the rotary class pumps, they are better known as PC pumps and are used in a wide variety of applications. They are especially suited for tough, nasty, multiphase fluids with gas and solids in suspension, at relatively moderate temperatures.
When designed to operate in reverse (i.e., to cause shaft rotation by the supplied differential pressure), these pumps can essentially operate as hydraulic drives. In the oil-drilling and exploration industry, such motors are called downhole mudmotors (DHMs), referring to drilling "mud" that provides hydraulic medium to drive the rotor, lubricate the drill bit, and remove the debris. In oil production, these types of pumps (PC) are referred to as downhole pumps (DHPs), operating at depths of several thousand feet, pumping oil (usually mixed with other fluids, gases, and sand) to the surface.
The formal approach to analyzing and understanding these types of pumps and mudmotors is just begining to emerge, but it is still more art than science. There is no universally accepted nomenclature to denote major and minor diameters, eccentricity, rotor/stator fits, or thermal shrink rates. The nomenclature used in this book is a first atempt to unify and standardize such symbols, with the goal of eventually being incorporated into the ISO standard to benefit publications and to facilitate communication within the technical community.
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